Pedwindé Hamadou Seogo

Ministry of Health, Burkina Faso

Title: Risk Factors for Hypertension in Koumbri Municipality, Burkina Faso, December 2016-April 2017

Abstract

Introduction: In Burkina Faso, few studies on hypertension have been done in rural municipalities. Also, the prevalence of hypertension and risk factors are not well known in population living in rural area as Koumbri municipality. In addition, in 2015, an analysis of all hypertension data from Ouahigouya health district between 2007 and 2014 revealed that the number of hypertension cases was tripled in the health facilities of the Koumbri's municipality from 204 to 640, an increase of 214% and the Koumbri municipality was the most affected by hypertension. The specific risk factors associated with this disease are not known in this municipality. We aimed to identify risk factors associated with hypertension in Koumbri municipality population.

Methods: We conducted an unmatched case-control study from December 16,2016 to April 19,2017 using the WHO's STEPS approach. We defined a case as a person >18 years old and residing in Koumbri's municipality, diagnosed and/or followed for hypertension in a health facility for at least 3 weeks. We defined controls as neighbours to a case without hypertension and after a double check of hypertension on the day of selection. We selected cases randomly from registers of health facilities. We included two randomly selected neighborhood controls for each case. We administered a semi-structured questionnaire to collect data on socio-demographic, behavioral, psychological and socio-cultural characteristics. We measured anthropometric parameters, blood pressure and fasting capillary blood glucose levels. We made bivariate, stratified, and logistic regression analysis and calculated odds ratio (OR), adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence interval to identify risk factors.

Results: We included 112 cases of hypertension and 224 controls. The median age was 57.10 years (30-87 years) for cases and 52.56 years (23-86 years) for controls. Male to female sex ratio was 1.49(67/45) for cases and 1.36(129/95) for controls. Independent risk factors were intra-family conflicts (AOR=2.26,95%CI (1.03-4.9)), family history of hypertension (AOR=2.13, 95%CI(1.2-3.8)), age ? 40 years (AOR=4.10,95%CI(1.5-11.3)), abdominal over-weight/obesity (OR=2.56,95%CI(1.5-4.4)) and physical inactivity (AOR=3.82, 95%CI(2.0-7.2)).

Conclusion: The main risk factors associated were advanced age, family history of hypertension, abdominal obesity, intra-family conflicts and absence of physical activity. We recommend weight control, regular physical activity, intra-family stress management and the use of family/marriage counsellors in the management of intra-family conflicts to reduce the burden of hypertension in Burkina Faso.

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Pedwindé Hamadou Seogo

Title: Risk Factors for Hypertension in Koumbri Municipality, Burkina Faso, December 2016-April 2017

Abstract

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